从 Kubernetes 外部访问 Neo4j 集群
默认情况下，从 Kubernetes 外部访问 Neo4j 集群使用服务器端路由。
使用负载均衡器和 Cypher Shell 访问 Neo4j 集群
创建一个 LoadBalancer 服务以从 Kubernetes 外部访问 Neo4j 集群。
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使用安装时使用的 `neo4j.name` 检查 LoadBalancer 服务是否可用
export NEO4J_NAME=my-cluster kubectl get service ${NEO4J_NAME}-lb-neo4jNAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE my-cluster-lb-neo4j LoadBalancer 10.28.12.119 82.21.42.42 7474:32169/TCP,7473:32145/TCP,7687:32624/TCP 2m1s -
使用 `kubectl describe service` 查看服务详情
kubectl describe service ${NEO4J_NAME}-lb-neo4jName: my-cluster-lb-neo4j Namespace: neo4j Labels: app=my-cluster app.kubernetes.io/managed-by=Helm helm.neo4j.com/neo4j.name=my-cluster helm.neo4j.com/service=neo4j Annotations: cloud.google.com/neg: {"ingress":true} meta.helm.sh/release-name: server-1 meta.helm.sh/release-namespace: neo4j Selector: app=my-cluster,helm.neo4j.com/clustering=true,helm.neo4j.com/neo4j.loadbalancer=include Type: LoadBalancer IP Family Policy: SingleStack IP Families: IPv4 IP: 10.28.12.119 IPs: 10.28.12.119 LoadBalancer Ingress: 82.21.42.42 Port: http 7474/TCP TargetPort: 7474/TCP NodePort: http 32169/TCP Endpoints: 10.24.0.131:7474,10.24.1.3:7474,10.24.1.67:7474 Port: https 7473/TCP TargetPort: 7473/TCP NodePort: https 32145/TCP Endpoints: 10.24.0.131:7473,10.24.1.3:7473,10.24.1.67:7473 Port: tcp-bolt 7687/TCP TargetPort: 7687/TCP NodePort: tcp-bolt 32624/TCP Endpoints: 10.24.0.131:7687,10.24.1.3:7687,10.24.1.67:7687 Session Affinity: None External Traffic Policy: Local HealthCheck NodePort: 30621 Events: Type Reason Age From Message ---- ------ ---- ---- ------- Normal EnsuringLoadBalancer 3m11s service-controller Ensuring load balancer Normal EnsuredLoadBalancer 2m36s service-controller Ensured load balancer负载均衡器服务可以将请求发送到所有集群服务器。
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从本地机器运行 `cypher-shell` 并连接到 `LoadBalancer Ingress` 地址，例如 `82.21.42.42`
./cypher-shell -a neo4j://82.21.42.42 -u neo4j -p my-passwordIf you don't see a command prompt, try pressing enter. Connected to Neo4j using Bolt protocol version 2025.05 at neo4j://82.21.42.42:7687 as user neo4j. Type :help for a list of available commands or :exit to exit the shell. Note that Cypher queries must end with a semicolon. -
运行 Cypher 命令 `SHOW DATABASES` 以验证所有集群成员是否在线
SHOW DATABASES;+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | name | type | aliases | access | address | role | writer | requestedStatus | currentStatus | statusMessage | default | home | constituents | +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | "neo4j" | "standard" | [] | "read-write" | "server-3.neo4j.svc.cluster.local:7687" | "primary" | TRUE | "online" | "online" | "" | TRUE | TRUE | [] | | "neo4j" | "standard" | [] | "read-write" | "server-2.neo4j.svc.cluster.local:7687" | "primary" | FALSE | "online" | "online" | "" | TRUE | TRUE | [] | | "neo4j" | "standard" | [] | "read-write" | "server-1.neo4j.svc.cluster.local:7687" | "primary" | FALSE | "online" | "online" | "" | TRUE | TRUE | [] | | "system" | "system" | [] | "read-write" | "server-3.neo4j.svc.cluster.local:7687" | "primary" | FALSE | "online" | "online" | "" | FALSE | FALSE | [] | | "system" | "system" | [] | "read-write" | "server-2.neo4j.svc.cluster.local:7687" | "primary" | FALSE | "online" | "online" | "" | FALSE | FALSE | [] | | "system" | "system" | [] | "read-write" | "server-1.neo4j.svc.cluster.local:7687" | "primary" | TRUE | "online" | "online" | "" | FALSE | FALSE | [] | +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 6 rows ready to start consuming query after 110 ms, results consumed after another 109 ms -
运行 Cypher 命令 `SHOW SERVERS` 以验证所有集群成员是否已启用
SHOW SERVERS;+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | name | address | state | health | hosting | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | "ad5c3cf1-541a-44f8-a19b-28bc36030914" | "server-3.neo4j.svc.cluster.local:7687" | "Enabled" | "Available" | ["system", "neo4j"] | | "cbdebc59-64c2-4542-a041-24a1f051e64f" | "server-1.neo4j.svc.cluster.local:7687" | "Enabled" | "Available" | ["system", "neo4j"] | | "f37e98a7-15ec-4dc4-a6bf-df9e418a7488" | "server-2.neo4j.svc.cluster.local:7687" | "Enabled" | "Available" | ["system", "neo4j"] | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 3 rows ready to start consuming query after 27 ms, results consumed after another 363 ms您可以看到节点正在发布其内部地址，但由于您在连接时没有使用内部地址，因此您使用的是服务器端路由。
使用负载均衡器和 Neo4j Browser 访问 Neo4j 集群
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打开 Web 浏览器并将其指向 `LoadBalancer Ingress` 地址和端口 `7474`，例如 *http://82.21.42.42:7474/browser*。
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连接后，在 Browser 编辑器中使用 `:sysinfo` 验证所有数据库是否正常运行
:sysinfo